Describe the steps involved in the process of petroleum refining.

Petroleum refining is a complex process that converts crude oil into useful products such as gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, and other petrochemicals. The process involves several stages, each designed to break down and refine the crude oil into its components. While petroleum refining is not directly related to renewable energy systems, understanding this process is essential in the context of energy production and transition from fossil fuels to renewables. Below are the key steps involved in the petroleum refining process:

1. Distillation: The first and most fundamental step in petroleum refining is the distillation of crude oil. Crude oil is heated in a furnace to temperatures between 350°C and 400°C, turning it _________ ______ _____ _______ __________ _________ ______ ____ ___ ____ _____ _______.
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