Describe the size and composition of agricultural labour in India

Agriculture is the backbone of the Indian economy and the largest employer in the country. According to the 2011 Census of India, the agricultural sector employs about 49% of the total workforce, making it the largest sector of employment in the country. In this answer, we will describe the size and composition of the agricultural labor force in India.

Size of the Agricultural Labor Force

The size of the agricultural labor force in India has been declining over the past few decades. According to data from the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO), the total number of agricultural workers in India was 263 million in 2004-05, which declined to 234 million in 2011-12. This decline is primarily due to the growth of non-agricultural sectors in the economy.

Composition of the Agricultural Labor Force

The agricultural labor force in India is composed of a variety of workers, including farmers, cultivators, agricultural laborers, and other workers who are involved in agricultural activities. Let us discuss these categories in detail.

Farmers and Cultivators Farmers and cultivators are the owners of agricultural land who are involved in crop cultivation, livestock rearing, and other agricultural activities. According to NSSO data, about 82% of agricultural workers in India are farmers and cultivators. These workers are typically small landholders who rely on their own labor and that of their family members to cultivate crops.

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