Describe the procedure for registration of trade marks. Discuss the absolute grounds for refusal of trade mark registration?

Trademark application procedure and prosecution in India involves the stages of filing, examination, publication or advertisement, opposition, registration and renewal.

1. Filling- A trademark application can be filed for a single or multi class. Application claiming priority from a convention country can also be filed in India within six months from the priority date.

2. Examination Report- After an application is filed the same is then examined by the Registrar in accordance to the provisions of Trademark Act. If an objection to registration of the mark is raised, an official examination report will be issued by the Registrar within 3 months to 1 year of filing depending on the backlog of Registry.

The Registrar may accept or refuse the application subject to the provisions of the Act. An application can be refused / objected by the Registrar on relative or absolute grounds:

a. Relative Grounds:

The relative grounds for refusal of a trademark are provided under Section 11 of the Trademark Act, 1999.

• That a trademark cannot be registered if because of:

(i) Its identity with an earlier trademark and similarity of goods or services;

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