Describe the general debate on the decline of feudalism

The centrality of trade in both the rise of feudalism and its decline was established by the Belgian historian Henri Pirenne in the 1920s and 30s in his books, Medieval Cities: Their Origin and the Revival of Trade, Economic and Social History of Medieval Europe; and Mahomet and Charlemagne. For Pirenne, long-distance trade, or ‘grand trade’ as he called it, was the driving force of all flourishing civilizations and its disruption, for whatever reason, brought the onward march of civilization to a halt. It was thus that European civilization in Antiquity that had attained glorious heights owing to trade across the Mediterranean, for it was not only an economic motor of society, but became the conduit for the cross fertilization of ideas and cultures across long distances. Once trans-Mediterranean trade was disrupted by the Muslim-Arab invasions in the seventh century1 , and the Arab capture of crucial entry points to the Sea in both the East (Alexandria) and the West ________ _______ ______ __________ ____ ______ ______ _____ _________.
_____ ____ ______ ________ _________ __________ ____ __________ ___ ________ ___.
_____ _____ ____ __________ ____ _________ ________.
________ __________ ____ _____ ________ _________ ______ _________ __________ ______ _______ _____.
________ _______ _____ ________ _____.
_________ _____ ___ ______ __________.
_____ __________ ___ ______ _________ ___ _________ ________ ______.
_________ ___ ___ ________ ______ _____ __________.
_________ _______ _______ _______ __________ __________ _______ _________ _____.
_____ ___ _________ _____ ___ ___ __________.
_________ _____ _________ ________ ________ ______ _____ ______ _____.
________ _____ _____ _________ _____ ______ ______.
______ _________ _____ _______ _________ _____ _______ ____.
________ ______ ______ ______ __________ __________ ________ _____ __________ __________ ________ __________.
_________ ______ _________ _____ __________ ___ _________ _____ ______ _____.
___ _____ ________ _______ _______.
_______ __________ __________ _________ _______ ____ _____ _________.
__________ __________ ______ __________ ________ _________ _________ __________ ________ ___ ______ ________.
__________ ____ ____ _____ _________ _______ _________ ________ ___ ________.
______ _______ ____ _______ _______ _______ ________.
_________ ______ ____ ___ _______ _________ ____ ______ _____ _________.
_________ ________ _____ ______ ___ _______ ______ ________ _______ ____ ______ ________.
_____ ___ __________ _______ _________ ____ _________ _______.
____ _____ ____ _______ __________ ______ _______ ____ __________ ________.
______ ______ ______ ___ ______ _________ __________ _____.
_____ __________ ___ ________ ___ _______ _______ ____ _____ ________ ____.
________ ____ _____ _________ _________ _____ ________ _______ ______ _______.
______ _________ _____ _____ _______.
__________ __________ __________ ________ ___ ____ ______ _________ ______ __________ _______ _______.
_____ ___ ________ _____ _____.
__________ _______ ___ _____ ________ ___.
_______ ____ __________ ______ _____ __________.
_______ ____ ________ ________ _________ _________ _________.
__________ _____ ____ _______ _____.
________ ______ _________ ___ ____ _________ ____ ________ _________.
_______ _________ __________ __________ _______ ____ __________ _________ ____ ____.
____ _______ ____ _________ ________ ______ ______ _____.
_____ ________ __________ ________ ________ _______ __________.
__________ _______ ________ _________ _____.
_______ __________ _______ ___ _____ ___ ________ ____ _______ ___.
__________ _____ ____ ________ _______ __________ _______ ______ _____ ___.
________ __________ _______ ________ ________ _____ ________ ___ ________ ______ __________.
__________ _________ _____ _________ ________ __________ _______ _______ _______ ____.
______ ___ ________ ______ ___ ______ _____.
_______ _____ ____ ___ ________ __________ ____.
__________ _______ _________ ________ ______.
_________ _________ ________ _______ ____ _______ ___ _______.
_____ ___ ______ ___ ___ _________ _____ ____ ____ ___.
____ ___ _______ ______ ______ ________ ________ _____.
_________ ______ _____ ______ _________ ________ __________.
__________ __________ ______ _________ _________ ____ _____.
________ ______ _____ _______ _______ __________ ______ _____ _________ ________ __________.
_____ _____ __________ _____ _____ _______ _____ ____ ________ __________.
_____ ______ ____ _____ __________ ______ _____ ____ ____ ___.
_______ __________ ____ ____ __________ ______.
____ _________ __________ ________ _______ ____ ___ _________ _________.
___ _____ _________ ______ ____.
____ ________ ___ ________ __________ ______.
______.
Get Full Answer on WhatsApp