Describe the denovo synthesis of Purine nucleotides

The de novo synthesis of purine nucleotides is a complex, multi-step biochemical pathway that constructs purine rings from simpler molecules. This process primarily occurs in the cytoplasm of cells, particularly in the liver, which acts as a major site of purine biosynthesis. The pathway is tightly regulated and requires energy in the form of ATP. The newly synthesized purine nucleotides serve as precursors for DNA and RNA synthesis and play vital roles in cellular metabolism.  

### Precursors and Starting Material  
Purine nucleotides are synthesized from non-nucleotide precursors, including:  
1. Ribose-5-phosphate: Derived from the pentose phosphate pathway, it provides the sugar backbone.  
2. Amino acids: Glycine, glutamine, and aspartate contribute carbon and nitrogen atoms to the purine ring.  
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