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Community Based Disaster Management (CBDM) is a participatory approach to disaster risk reduction and disaster response in which local communities play the central role in identifying hazards, assessing vulnerabilities, planning mitigation measures, preparing for emergencies, responding to disasters, and supporting recovery. It recognizes that communities are the first responders during any disaster and possess valuable indigenous knowledge, local resources, and social networks that can significantly reduce disaster impacts. CBDM emphasizes empowering people to manage disaster risks through collective action, capacity building, and collaboration with government agencies, non-governmental organizations, and other stakeholders. The fundamental principle of CBDM is community participation. Local people actively participate in identifying risks, preparing disaster management plans, implementing mitigation measures, and evaluating outcomes. Another principle is inclusiveness, ensuring that vulnerable groups such as women, children, elderly persons, differently-abled individuals, and marginalized communities are involved in planning and decision-making. Sustainability is another key principle, focusing on long-term disaster preparedness rather than temporary relief measures. Capacity building through education, awareness, and skill development ___ ______ ____ ________ ________ __________.
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