Describe cross-site attacks with examples.

Cross-site attacks are a category of web application vulnerabilities where malicious actors exploit weaknesses in a website’s design or configuration to manipulate users or steal sensitive data. These attacks generally occur through interactions between a user's browser and a web server. Below are the key types of cross-site attacks:

### 1. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)
Cross-Site Scripting is one of the most common web vulnerabilities. In XSS attacks, attackers inject malicious scripts into webpages viewed by other users. These scripts are executed in the browser, often without the user’s knowledge. The malicious code can perform actions like stealing cookies, session tokens, or other sensitive information. It may also redirect the user to malicious websites or alter the content of the web page.

There are three types of XSS:
- Stored XSS: The malicious script is stored on the server and served to users who visit the compromised page.
- Reflected XSS: The malicious code is reflected off the web server and executed immediately after the user interacts with a specially crafted URL.
- DOM-based XSS: The vulnerability lies in the client-side code rather than the server-side. The script modifies the DOM (Document Object Model) in the browser, allowing the attacker to manipulate content or steal data.

Example:
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