Define ethnicity and discuss some of the major ethnic movements in India.

Ethnicity is considered as tlze mobilisation of a group of people who share comlnon attributes in terms of cu! lire, language, religion, history, etc., and who are different from another group which also shares certain cornon attributes. This mobilisation can be on a single attribute or more. For example mobilisatioll on tlze basis of language, religion (hlown as communalism in the Indian context), language, caste or tribe is considered as ethnic mobilisation.

Some of the major ethnic movements in India are -

1. Ethnic Movement in Punjab

The Khalistan movement was carried out by a section of Sikhs to create a separate Sikh country. The movement got intensified in the Punjab in 1970s and continued till the early 1990s. A group of Sikh leaders started demanding more autonomy for the state before the Central government. They demanded a separate country,Khalistan. In June 1984,. due to violence the Indian Government ordered a military operation, Operation ____ _________ ______ ____ ____ _____ _______ ______ _____.
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