Define autoimmunity. Describe any two autoimmune disorders.

Autoimmunity refers to a condition in which the immune system mistakenly identifies the body's own cells, tissues, or organs as foreign and attacks them. This occurs due to a breakdown in the mechanisms that normally maintain self-tolerance, a process where the immune system learns to differentiate between self and non-self antigens. Autoimmune responses can lead to chronic inflammation, tissue damage, and impaired organ function. Autoimmune diseases may affect specific organs (organ-specific autoimmunity) or involve multiple systems (systemic autoimmunity). While the exact causes of autoimmunity remain unclear, genetic predisposition, environmental factors, infections, and hormonal influences are believed to play significant roles.

Two examples of autoimmune disorders are:

1. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA):  
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