Define and discuss the concept of stratification and marginalisation.

Stratification is defined as the act of sorting data, people, and objects into distinct groups or layers. It is a technique used in combination with other data analysis tools. When data from a variety of sources or categories have been lumped together, the meaning of the data can be difficult to see. This data collection and analysis technique separates the data so that patterns can be seen and is considered one of the seven basic quality tools.

WHEN TO USE STRATIFICATION

• Before collecting data
• When data come from several sources or conditions, such as shifts, days of the week, suppliers, or population groups
• When data analysis may require separating different sources or conditions

Here are examples of different sources that might require data to be stratified:

• Equipment
• Shifts
• Departments
• Materials
• Suppliers
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