Compare the educational management in pre- and post-independent India.

In examining the growth and development of educational management in pre- and post-independent India, it's crucial to delve into the socio-political contexts, policy frameworks, administrative structures, and educational philosophies prevalent during each era. India's journey from colonial subjugation to independence marked a significant shift in its educational landscape, influencing how educational management was conceptualized, organized, and executed.

Pre-Independent India:

During the pre-independence era, educational management in India was largely under the control of British colonial administrators. The primary objective of education was to serve the interests of the British Empire, focusing on producing a compliant workforce rather than fostering indigenous intellectual growth or empowerment. Educational institutions were established primarily in urban centers and were often inaccessible to the masses, especially in rural areas.

1. Centralized Administration: The British introduced a centralized administrative structure for educational management, with the Governor-General at the helm. Policies ______ ______ ____ ____ _____ ____ _______ _______ _________.
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