Calculate the Operating Leverage, Financial Leverage and Combined Leverage from the following data under situation I and II and Financial Plan A & B.
| Installed Capacity | 4000 units | |||
| Actual Production & Sales | 75% of the Capacity | |||
| Selling Price | Rs. 30 per unit | |||
| Variable Cost | Rs. 15 per unit | |||
| Fixed Cost | ||||
| Under Situation I | Rs. 15,000 | |||
| Under Situation II | Rs. 20, 000 | |||
| Capital Structure | ||||
| Particulars | Financial Plan A B | |||
| Equity | 10,000 | 15,000 | ||
| Debt (rate of Interest at 20%) | 10,000 | 5,000 | ||
| 20,000 | 20,000 | |||
To calculate the different types of leverage, we first need to understand the formulas for each of them.
- Operating Leverage (OL): Operating Leverage measures the percentage change in operating income (earnings before interest and taxes - EBIT) for a given percentage change in sales. The formula for Operating Leverage is:
OL = (Sales - Variable Costs) / Operating Income
- Financial Leverage (FL): Financial Leverage measures the percentage change in earnings per share (EPS) for a given percentage change in operating income. The formula for Financial Leverage is:
FL = Operating Income / Earnings Per Share (EPS)
- Combined Leverage (CL): Combined Leverage measures the percentage change in EPS for a given percentage change in sales. The formula for Combined Leverage is:
CL = OL × FL
Now, let's calculate the leverage for both situations (I and II) and financial plans (A and B).
Situation I: Fixed Cost = Rs. 15,000 Variable Cost = Rs. 15 per unit Selling Price = Rs. 30 per unit Installed Capacity = 4,000 units Actual Production & Sales = 75% of the Capacity ___ ___ ____ __________ ________ _____ ________ ____ ____.
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