Arrange the following carbonyl compounds in the order of their favourability for formation of nitriles:
b) Which one of the following would undergo faster reaction? Explain
or
a) In the following equilibrium, predict the direction of shift of equilibrium for each condition listed below:
i) Addition of
ii) increased pressure
iii) lowering of temperature.
b) Define degree of ionisation of a weak electrolyte and discuss the factors affecting it.
a) Define and explain a thermodynamically reversible process.
b) 0.25 mol of an ideal monoatomic gas undergoes isothermal expansion from a volume of 2.0 dm3 to 10 dm3 at 27 oC. Calculate the maximum work that can be obtained from this process.
a) Define standard enthalpy of formation and describe a method for its direct determination with the help of an example.
a) Explain why Nitro group is meta-directing deactivator?
b) Write the mechanism of Friedel-Craft’s alkylation. What are its limitations?