a) Draw and explain the detailed system architecture of DBMS

b) With the help of a diagram, describe the concept of client/server model.

c) Explain in detail about various key constraints used in database system. Give examples for each.

d) Explain the importance of Null values in Relational Model.

e) Discuss the mechanism of attribute relationship inheritance. How is it useful?

f) By considering an example describe various data update operations in SQL. Give examples.

g) Explain insertion, deletion and modification anomalies with suitable examples.

h) State BCNF. How does it differ from 3NF?

i) How can a database recover from failure when many transactions are going on? Describe with the help of an example.

j) What is a distributed database management system? How is it different to that of client server database systems?

a) The system architecture of a DBMS consists of four main components:

User Interface: It is the component that interacts with the users and receives their requests for data. The interface also displays the results of the queries to the users.

Query Processor: This component receives the requests from the user interface and translates them into a series of operations that can be executed on the database. It also optimizes the queries for better performance.

Database Manager: It is the component that manages the physical storage of the data in the database. It also manages access to the data by multiple users and ensures data consistency.

Data Access Layer: This component provides the interface between the query processor and the database manager. It is responsible for executing the operations on the database and retrieving the results.

b) The client/server model is a networking architecture that involves two types of software components: a client and a server. The client is the software that sends requests to the server, and the server is the software that processes the requests and sends back the results. The diagram below illustrates the client/server model.

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