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The Mauryan administration, established under the reign of Chandragupta Maurya in the late 4th century BCE, marked a significant development in the political and administrative history of ancient India. It laid the foundation for a centralized and bureaucratically organized state, unprecedented in scale and complexity in the Indian subcontinent. Much of our knowledge of the Mauryan administration comes from literary sources such as the *Arthashastra* attributed to Kautilya (Chanakya), Megasthenes’ *Indica*, the Edicts of Ashoka, and various later historical and archaeological sources. The Mauryan Empire was a highly centralized monarchy. The king stood at the apex of the administrative system and wielded absolute power, both in civil and military affairs. Chandragupta Maurya established the empire with the help of his advisor Kautilya, whose work *Arthashastra* provides detailed insights into statecraft and administration during this period. The king was considered the ultimate authority and was assisted by a council of ministers (Mantriparishad), which included high-ranking officials responsible for various portfolios such as finance, defense, justice, and external affairs. These ministers were carefully chosen based on their competence, __________ _____ _______ ____ __________ _______ __________ __________ _________ ______ _____.
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