“Ownership & Management is an important perspective of Public Enterprises.” In light of the above statement, discuss different policies adopted by the Government with respect to ownership and management.
Ownership and management are two pivotal aspects that define the functioning and strategic direction of public enterprises. In the Indian context, public enterprises (PEs) were primarily established post-independence to fulfill the objectives of economic development, equitable distribution of wealth, and the creation of a self-reliant economy. Over the decades, the Government of India has adopted various policies concerning the ownership and management of public enterprises to ensure their efficiency, accountability, and responsiveness to changing economic needs.
Initially, public enterprises were wholly owned and operated by the government. The Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956 marked a significant step, placing the commanding heights of the economy under the control of the state. This policy classified industries into three categories: Schedule A (exclusively owned and managed by the state), Schedule B (progressively state-owned), and the _________ ____ _______ _______ ______ ______ ______ ______ __________ ___ ________ _______.
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