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The New Agricultural Strategy (NAS), launched in India during the mid-1960s, marks a significant shift in the agricultural policy framework. Its theoretical background is rooted in modernization theory, the growth model of economics, and global experiences with agricultural transformation, particularly those of developed countries. At the heart of the theoretical foundation of the NAS is the idea that agriculture, like industry, can be modernized through the application of science and technology. The strategy focused on increasing productivity per unit of land by using modern inputs such as high-yielding varieties (HYVs) of seeds, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation. This approach was in contrast to earlier strategies that emphasized extensive cultivation (bringing more land under cultivation) rather than intensive cultivation (increasing output from the same land). One of the key _____ _________ _____ __________ ____ ________ __________.
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