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Émile Durkheim, one of the founding figures of sociology, explored the nature of social order and the mechanisms through which modern societies maintain cohesion. His work *The Division of Labour in Society* (1893) provides a foundational framework for understanding the role of division of labour in the organization of society. In the context of social stratification, Durkheim’s postulations present both functionalist insights and enduring debates on how labor specialization relates to social hierarchy, solidarity, and cohesion. Durkheim viewed division of labour not merely as an economic arrangement but as a fundamental social phenomenon with moral and structural implications. According to him, the division of labour in society evolves with the progression of social complexity, and this evolution affects the type of solidarity that binds individuals together. Durkheim distinguished between two types of solidarity: mechanical solidarity and organic solidarity. These concepts are central to understanding his postulation on the division of labour. Mechanical solidarity characterizes pre-industrial, less differentiated societies, where individuals perform similar tasks, share common values, and have collective consciousness. In such societies, the collective dominates the individual, and there is limited division of labour. Stratification exists but is ______ ________ ___ ___ _________ ___ __________ ____ ________ ______.
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