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While planning for establishing operation theatres (OTs) in a hospital, careful consideration of multiple planning criteria is essential to ensure functionality, efficiency, infection control, safety, and smooth surgical procedures. The operation theatre is one of the most complex and vital areas of a hospital where both life-saving and elective procedures take place. The planning must incorporate medical, architectural, administrative, engineering, and environmental elements to support surgical services optimally. The following planning criteria should be considered: 1. Location and Zoning: The operation theatre should be located in a strategic zone within the hospital to allow fast access to emergency, intensive care, surgical wards, and sterilization departments. Ideally, it should be placed in a quiet area of the hospital to minimize disturbances and should not be near high-traffic zones such as the outpatient department. The operation theatre complex must be part of the restricted zone, allowing controlled access and movement. 2. Number of Operation Theatres: The number of OTs required depends on several factors including the hospital’s bed strength, the nature and volume of surgical cases, specialty departments, and the average duration of surgeries. As a general norm, 1 OT per 25–30 surgical beds is considered adequate. Emergency and elective surgeries must be accounted ______ ________ ____ ______ _______ ________ __________ _________ ________ ____ __________.
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