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The Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) sets international standards for intellectual property, including patents, and mandates its member countries to adhere to certain minimum criteria for patent protection. India, being a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), is bound by the TRIPS agreement, which has shaped the Indian Patent Law and its procedures. The provisions of TRIPS related to the patentability of inventions are crucial for ensuring that patents are granted consistently across member states while promoting innovation and protecting public interest. The provisions laid down in TRIPS regarding the patentability of inventions are particularly relevant to the Indian Patent Act of 1970, which has undergone significant amendments to comply with TRIPS, particularly in 2005. Under TRIPS, patents must be granted for inventions that meet three basic requirements: novelty, inventive step (non-obviousness), and industrial applicability. These standards are designed to ensure that patents are only granted for innovations that are truly new and non-obvious, as well as capable of being made or used in some form of industry. ### Novelty (Newness) The first condition for patentability under TRIPS is novelty, which implies that the invention must be new and not have been disclosed to the public anywhere in the world before the filing date of the patent application. The disclosure can occur through publications, patents, public use, or any other form of prior art. An invention that has already been made publicly available, even through a prior publication or patent in another jurisdiction, will not meet the novelty requirement under TRIPS. India, through the Indian Patents Act, follows this principle by denying patent protection to any invention that has been disclosed to the public in any manner, anywhere in the world. This aligns with the ___ _______ __________ ___ ________ ___ ____ ______ ________ ______ _____ ________.
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