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Urban anthropology, as a subfield of anthropology, emerged in the 20th century to study urban life and its complexities using ethnographic and cultural methods traditionally applied to rural and tribal communities. It focuses on understanding the behavior, social structures, power relations, and everyday life within urban environments. The historical development of urban anthropology is marked by several theoretical and methodological shifts, beginning in the early 20th century and taking significant form through the contributions of the Chicago School of Sociology. Although the Chicago School originated in the West, particularly in the United States, its methods and theories had wide-reaching implications, including for Indian historians and anthropologists seeking to understand urban centers during the period c.1206–1550. Urban anthropology first began as a response to the changing dynamics brought on by industrialization and urbanization in Europe and North America. Anthropologists, traditionally focused on tribal or village societies, started to recognize the importance of studying urban centers, which were rapidly becoming sites of cultural, economic, and political transformation. However, the formal institutionalization of urban anthropology came later, particularly with the works of anthropologists who were influenced by urban sociologists from the University of Chicago during the early 20th century. The Chicago School was not ___ ___ _________ ____ ______.
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