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The Constitution (73rd Amendment) Act, 1992, is a landmark in the history of democratic decentralization in India. It conferred constitutional status upon the Panchayati Raj institutions (PRIs), making them an integral part of the governance system in rural areas. This amendment inserted Part IX in the Indian Constitution and added the Eleventh Schedule, thereby providing a structured framework for the establishment and functioning of Panchayats. It was enacted to strengthen grassroots democracy and to involve local people in the planning and implementation of development programs. One of the most significant features of the 73rd Amendment is the three-tier structure of Panchayati Raj. This includes the Gram Panchayat at the village level, the Panchayat Samiti at the intermediate or block level, and the Zila Parishad at the district level. States with populations not exceeding 20 lakhs have the discretion to not constitute the intermediate level. This structure ensures democratic decentralization by enabling governance at the lowest level of society. The Gram Sabha is a cornerstone of the Panchayati Raj system. It comprises all adult _________ ________ _____ ____ _________ ________ ____ _____ _________.
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