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Rural India has historically faced significant challenges in healthcare due to factors such as poor infrastructure, scarcity of trained medical professionals, geographic isolation, low literacy levels, and high levels of poverty. To address these challenges, the Government of India has implemented a variety of schemes and programmes aimed at improving access to healthcare services, promoting preventive care, strengthening health infrastructure, and ensuring equitable health outcomes. These programmes span across maternal and child health, communicable and non-communicable diseases, nutrition, sanitation, and public health awareness. One of the most prominent initiatives is the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM), launched in 2005, which was later subsumed under the broader National Health Mission (NHM) in 2013. NRHM focuses on enhancing healthcare delivery in rural areas by improving infrastructure, increasing the availability of skilled healthcare workers, and promoting community participation. The mission emphasizes the establishment of Sub-Centres (SCs), Primary Health Centres (PHCs), and Community Health Centres (CHCs) to ensure a tiered and accessible health system. It also introduced the Accredited Social Health Activist (ASHA) programme, deploying trained community health workers who serve as _____ ________ __________ __________ __________ _____ ____ ____ __________.
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