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The history of grasslands in the Indian subcontinent is an often overlooked but ecologically and historically significant aspect of environmental history. While forests and rivers have been central to the environmental imagination, grasslands have frequently been misunderstood, misrepresented, or entirely ignored in both colonial and postcolonial ecological policy. Understanding the transformation, utilization, and perception of grasslands over centuries reveals a complex interplay between environment, state policies, local communities, and ecological change. A critical examination of their history offers insights into colonial land management, pastoral economies, conservation regimes, and contemporary ecological debates. Grasslands are generally characterized as treeless areas dominated by grasses and herbaceous plants, supporting a variety of flora and fauna. In India, they exist in varied forms such as the shola grasslands of the Western Ghats, the semi-arid grasslands of Gujarat and Rajasthan, the alpine pastures of the Himalayas, and the savanna-like Deccan plateau landscapes. Historically, these grasslands have been intricately tied to the subsistence and livelihood practices of nomadic pastoralists, agro-pastoralists, and tribal communities. However, the ecological identity and role of grasslands began to be altered ____ ___ _______ ____ _____ ___ _____.
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