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रेखीय सहसंबंध (linear correlation) दो चरों के बीच सीधे संबंध की दिशा एवं तीव्रता को मापता है — अर्थात् जब एक चर बदलता है तो दूसरा चर किस प्रकार बदलता है। यदि दोनों चर एक साथ बढ़ते या घटते हैं तो सहसंबंध धनात्मक (positive) होगा; यदि एक बढ़ते समय दूसरा घटता है तो ऋणात्मक (negative) होगा। पारंपरिक मापक पियरसन का सहसंबंध गुणांक (Pearson’s r) निरंतर और रेखीय संबंध मापने के लिए उपयोग होता है। परन्तु जब आंकड़े रैंक या गैर-परिमेय प्रकृति के हों, या डेटा में असमान वितरण/आउटलाइनर हों, तो स्पीयरमैन का क्रमिक सहसंबंध (Spearman’s rho, $\rho$) उपयोगी होता है — यह मूल मानों को रैंक में परिवर्तित कर उन _______ ___ ________ _________ _________ ____.
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