Write a NEAR subroutine using 8086 assembly Language (with proper comments) that returns the average value of the values stored in a byte array of length 3. All three values of the byte array are passed to the subroutine in the stack. You should write both the calling program and subroutine.

Write a program using 8086 assembly Language (with proper comments) that accepts three different digits as input from the keyboard. Each digit is first converted to a binary equivalent. The binary values of these three digits are compared and the middle value is put in the AL register. This AL register is multiplied with each value of a byte array of size 6, which is stored in the memory. The result of the multiplication is stored in the same memory location. You may assume the byte array has the values 02h, 06h, 08h, 03h, 01h, 05h. Make suitable assumptions, if any.

Explain the characteristics of RISC? Also, explain the RISC pipelining

Explain the functioning of the Wilkes Control Unit. Also, explain the format of the control memory with the help of a diagram.

Consider that an instruction pipeline has three stages namely instruction fetch and decode (FD), Operand Fetch (OF) and Instruction Execute and store results (ES). Draw an instruction pipeline diagram showing the execution of five sequential instructions using this pipeline. What are the problems with this instruction pipelining?

Assume that you have a machine, as shown in section 3.2.2 of Block 3 having the microoperations given in Figure 10 on page 62 of Block 3. Consider that R1 and R2 both are 8-bit
registers and contain 11100111 and 00111100 respectively. What will be the values of select
inputs, carry-in input, and the result of the operation (including carry-out bit) if the following
micro-operations are performed? (For each micro-operation you may assume the initial value
of R1 and R2 as given above)
(i) Decrement R1
(ii) Add R1 and R2 with Carry
(iii) Exclusive OR of the registers R1 and R2
(iv) Shift right R1

Assuming that the instructions are first fetched to the Instruction Register (IR), the memory operand is brought to the DR register and the result of an operation is stored in the Accumulator register; write and explain the sequence of micro-operations that are required to fetch and execute an addition instruction that adds the contents of the memory and register operands of the instruction. The result is stored in the accumulator register. Make and state suitable assumptions, if any.

Demonstrate two valid instructions of the machine; put some valid data values in registers and memory locations and show these two instructions.

Design suitable instruction formats for the machine. Specify the size of different fields that are needed in the instruction format. Also, indicate how many bits of the instructions are unused for this machine. Explain your design of the instruction format. Also, indicate the size of each register.

Differentiate between Cooperative and non-cooperative game theory.

A single-core uniprocessor system has 8 General purpose registers. The machine has RAM of size 64K memory words. The size of every general-purpose register and memory word is 16 bits. The computer uses fixed-length instructions of size 32 bits each. An instruction of the machine can have two operands. One of these operands is a direct memory operand and the other is a register operand. An instruction of a machine consists of bits for operation code, bits for memory operand and bits of register operand. The machine has about 128 different operation codes. The special purpose registers, which are other than general purpose registers, are - Program Counter (PC), Memory Address Register (MAR), Data Register (DR) and Flag registers (FR). The first register among the general-purpose registers can be used as Accumulator Register. The size of Integer operands on the machine may be assumed to be equal to the size of the accumulator register. To execute instructions, the machine has another special register called Instruction Register (IR) of size 32 bits, as each instruction is of this size. Perform the following tasks for the machine. (Make and state suitable assumptions, if any.)

Suppose the demand for a product is given by p=d (q)=−0.8q+150 and the supply for the same product is given by p=s(q)=5.2q For both functions, q is the quantity and p is the price. Find out producer surplus and consumer surplus.

Keyboard and Mouse

How is Cournot’s model of oligopoly different from Bertrand’s model of oligopoly?

Power Supply

Zip Drive

a. A monopolist uses one input X, which she purchases at the fixed price p=5 in order to
produce output q. Her demand and production functions are:
P=85-3q and q= 2x1/2 respectively.
Derive the equilibrium output and equilibrium profit.
b. “In real world, sometimes it is not possible to achieve optimum welfare.” Comment
and discuss the obstacles in attaining Pareto optimum. 

Resolution of Display and Printer

Programmed I/O

Rotational Latency in disks