How is determined as atmospheric pollutants by fluorimetry? Describe the method

What is meant by fluorescence quenching? Explain the mechanism responsible for the quenching?

Describe the phenomena of fluorescence and phosphorescence using the Jablonski diagram.

Differentiate between IR spectra and Raman spectra.

Why is the handling of samples for IR spectra measurements is not simple? Describe the sampling of solids for IR spectral measurements.

What is the significance of selection rules for the vibrational spectroscopy? Describe the types of signals obtained in the vibration spectrum of a diatomic molecule.

A 500 cm3 solution containing 33.5 mg of potassium permanganate in a cuvette with a path length of 2 cm show a transmittance at 450 m. If the percentage transmittance is observed to be 10, calculate the molar absorpturity of potassium parmangnate.

How is UV spectrum different in vapour phase from that in solution phase and why? Illustrated your answer.

Why is an electromagnetic radiation called so? Describe its characteristic parameters alongwith the units of measurement

Describe important aspects of capillary electro chromatography

Explain the applications of membrane separations in (i) desalination and water treatment; and (ii) production of table salt.

Briefly explain nano filtration and ultra filtration process.

Briefly explain important properties of gels which can be used for size exclusion chromatography.

Discuss the use of polymers as anion exchangers.

List the advantages of HPLC.

Discuss the salient features of ECD used in gas chromatography.

List the important characteristics of a detector used in gas chromatography.

What are the requirements of carrier gases used in gas chromatography? Which impurities can be present in them and how can they be removed?

List various detection methods used in planar chromatography.

Briefly explain any five applications of liquid column chromatography.