Show that the radius of a dark Newton's ring is directly proportional to the square root of the radius of curvature of the lens used.

Discuss the principle of Michelson interferometer. How can it be used to determine the refractive index of a thin plate and wavelength of monochromatic light?

A uniform plane wave of 100 kHz travelling in free space strikes a large block of a material having  and Q = 0 normal to the surface. If the incident electric field vector is given by

E = 100 sin () xˆ V

write the complete expressions for the incident, reflected, and transmitted field vectors.

Obtain an expression to show that the change in the quantity of charge enclosed in an arbitrary volume is accompanied by a net flow of charge inwards or outward across the surface of the enclosed volume.

How is image formed on the retina of human eye processed by human brain? Discuss.

Show that superposition of two linearly polarised light waves having different amplitudes and a finite phase difference can be used to produce elliptically plane polarised waves.

The energy of a capacitor is 4.0 J after it has been charged by a 1.5 V battery. Calculate its energy when it is charged by a 6.0 V battery.

A plane e.m. wave is incident normally on an interface. Obtain expressions for reflection and transmission coefficients.

Determine the value of equivalent capacitance between points A and B for the combination of capacitors shown in the Figure below:

Discuss the importance of hologram in (i) information storage, and (ii) pattern recognition.

Explain the phenomenon of polarisation of a dielectric. Show that, when a dielectric material is filled between the plates of a capacitor, the value of capacitance increases by factor of K, the dielectric constant of the material.

'Diffraction limits the image forming capability of optical devices'. Discuss the authenticity of this statement for the particular case of a microscope.

Discuss, with necessary theory, how is interference pattern in Young's double slit experiment modified when a thin glass plate is introduced in the path of one of the interference waves?

Discuss the significance of accommodation and convergence of human eye in respect of perception of light.

Write down Maxwell's field equations for free space and obtain expressions for velocity of electromagnetic waves.

Two particles carrying 4C and -2C charges are placed on a 1 m long straight wire. Determine the point on the line joining these particles where the electric potential is zero with reference to the positively charged particle

Explain with the help of diagrams what spherically and cylindrically symmetric charge distributions are. What is the electric field at a point inside a hollow metallic sphere of radius R having volume charge densityp?

Note: Attempt all questions. The marks for each question are indicated against it. Symbols have their usual meanings. 1. a) Determine the electrostatic force and electrostatic field on a charged particle located at A in the Figure given below due to the charged particles situated at B and C. The value of the charge on each of these particles is indicated in the Figure.

Express your result both in the unit vector notation and as magnitude. 

Derive Planck’s law of blackbody radiation using Bose-Einstein statistics. Using this law, obtain (i) Rayleigh-Jeans Law and (ii) Wien’s Law.

Gibbs paradox.