What is meant by a project life cycle? Explain its stages and describe how these stages are interconnected.

How would you define literacy in its broadest sense? Design a comprehensive literacy project your NGO could implement in a slum or village community.

Describe the concept of Marketing Mix. How Marketing is differentiated from Selling?

Why do NGOs need to maintain accounts? What are the three basic accounting rules to be followed while maintaining NGO accounts? Give suitable examples for each rule.

Discuss the general guidelines followed to prepare reports in the NGOs. Also, define the stages involved in reporting.

Define IT and ICT. How is it used in NGOs? How radio can be used as a tool for education in developing countries.

Describe the characteristics of interpersonal communication. Elaborate the Johari Window: A Model of Awareness in Interpersonal Relationships.

What do you understand by SWOT analysis? Explain various criteria used to classify an element into strengths and weaknesses.

What is an NGO? Discuss various kinds of NGOs functioning in India.

What kind of structural information is available from UV, IR, NMR and Mass spectra of an organic compound?

Explain Mc Lafferty rearrangement with the help of a suitable example. Calculate IHD for the molecule having the molecular formula, C₂H₂O₂

FT-NMR is better than CW-NMR. Comment on the statement. What is the principle of mass spectrometry? In what way is it different from other spectrometric methods?

 Explain the following terms in the context of NMR spectrometry.

Chemical shif

Spin-spin splitting

Larmour precession

Describe the acid digestion method of solution preparation in AES.

Enlist different components of an ICP torch. What makes argon a good choice for the plasma gas?

Why line sources are preferred over continuum sources for AAS? Enlist the advantages of GFAAS over FAAS.

Explain the principles of atomic absorption spectrophotometry and atomic emission spectrometry.

Explain different pathways of atomic fluorescence emission. In what way is halogen cathode lamp (HCL) better than a continuous source for atomic fluorescence measurement?

Explain the different types of spectral interferences observed in flame photometry.

Discuss the fate of analyte sample in the flame of a flame photometer.