Discuss the concept of missing orders with reference to double slit diffraction pattern.

Describe polarisation of light by reflection. How does degree of polarisation vary with angle of incidence of light?

The sodium lamp used in a physics laboratory gives out light uniformly. Suppose that the lamp uses 40 W. Calculate the magnitude of electric field.

Compare the WAP architecture with OSI model. 

Describe the typical system configuration required for accessing the Internet via a service provider. 

Compare the four types of network topologies on the basis of their configuration, reliability, cost and ruggedness. 

What is network security? Explain its types. 

With an appropriate diagram, explain the construction of graded index multimode fibre. How does it reduce the modal dispersion?

Explain the construction of a Schottky diode and state its advantages over normal p-n junction diode. 

Describe the working of a CCD camera. 

Explain the image frequency and double spotting phenomena in case of AM receivers. How can they be overcome? 

 In mobile telephony explain in detail the functions of base station and mobile switching centre. 

State the various techniques used for analog modulation of a digital signal carrier. How are they used for continuous wave transmission and two tone modulation systems? State the advantages of two tone modulation system. 

Explain, how digital coding can help in overcoming the burst error noise in signal transmission. 

Explain the working of balance modulator for AM generation. State its advantages over a transformer coupled class-C amplifier based AM generator. 

A dipole antenna of  carries  peak current at  frequency. Calculate the radiation intensity in the side-on direction at a distance of . 

Calculate the noise power and noise voltage generated by a 1MΩ resistor at 37°C over a 1 MHz bandwidth. 

Explain the procedure of stub matching in transmission lines. 

What approach is followed in practice for the choice of a propagation medium for any communication system ? Why is a linear medium of propagation preferred? 

State with reasons whether the following statements are True or False. 

i) Rise time of a pulse is the time required for the amplitude to reach from 0% to 100% of the peak amplitude value.

ii) Standing wave ratio of a matched transmission line is zero.

iii) Amplitude modulation index for dc modulating signal is 100%.

iv) Multipoint communication system in telephony is more efficient than point-to-point communication.

v) Though audio frequency range is 20 Hz to 20 kHz, the telephone uses only 4 kHz bandwidth per channel, still the communication is audible.

vi) In superheterodyne receiver the local oscillator always operates at a fixed frequency.

vii) Bandwidth of video amplifier of the monochrome receiver is narrower than that in the case of colour video amplifier.

viii) Polarization discrimination technique doubles the bandwidth of the channel.

ix) Token ring protocol suffers with the data collision problem.

x) The compact structure of OSI model makes data transfer efficient as compared to TCP/IP model.