IGNOU BECC 115 SOLVED ASSIGNMENT
BECC 115: INTERMEDIATE MICROECONOMICS
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| Title Name | IGNOU BECC 115 SOLVED ASSIGNMENT |
|---|---|
| Type | Soft Copy (E-Assignment) .pdf |
| University | IGNOU |
| Degree | BACHELOR DEGREE PROGRAMMES |
| Course Code | BAFEC |
| Course Name | BACHELOR oF ARTS (MAJORES ECONOMICS ) PROGRAMME |
| Subject Code | BECC 115 |
| Subject Name | INTERMEDIATE MICROECONOMICS |
| Year | 2025 2026 |
| Session | - |
| Language | English Medium |
| Assignment Code | BECC 115/Assignment-1/2025 2026 |
| Product Description | Assignment of BAFEC (BACHELOR oF ARTS (MAJORES ECONOMICS ) PROGRAMME) 2025 2026. Latest BECC 115 2025-26 Solved Assignment Solutions |
| Last Date of IGNOU Assignment Submission | Last Date of Submission of IGNOU BEGC-131 (BAG) 2025-26 Assignment is for January 2026 Session: 30th September, 2026 (for December 2025 Term End Exam). Semester Wise January 2025 Session: 30th March, 2026 (for June 2026 Term End Exam). July 2025 Session: 30th September, 2025 (for December 2025 Term End Exam). |
| Format | Ready-to-Print PDF (.soft copy) |
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BECC 115 2025 2026 - English
BECC-115 INTERMEDIATE MICROECONOMICS
Tutor Marked Assignments
Course Code: BECC-115
Assignment Code: Asst /TMA/2025-26
Total Marks: 100
Assignment 1
Answer the following Descriptive Category questions in about 500 words each. Each question carries 20 marks. Word limit does not apply in case of numerical questions.
1. (a) What role does the marginal utility of income play in the Lagrangian formulation of consumer equilibrium?
(b) Consider a consumer's utility function
Assuming price of good x1 and good x2 to be p1 and p2, respectively and income of the consumer be M. Determine the optimal choice of consumption of goods x1 and x2.
(c) Compare and contrast the effects of an income tax and a commodity tax on consumer equilibrium.
2. (a) Consider a market for cars that initially has only one firm operating as a monopolist. The firm has a linear cost function given by C(q) = 2q, and the market demand is represented by the inverse demand function P(Q) = 9-Q, where Q denotes the total quantity sold in the market.
Based on the above information, answer the following:
(i) Determine the price that the monopolist will charge and the quantity of cars it will sell. Based on this output and cost structure, calculate the profit earned by the monopolist.
(ii) Now suppose a second firm, with an identical cost function, enters the market, forming a Cournot duopoly. Determine the Cournot equilibrium output for each firm.
(iii) Analyze the Stackelberg duopoly scenario, where the first firm acts as the leader and the second as the follower. Find the Stackelberg equilibrium output for each firm.
(iv) Calculate and compare the profits earned by each firm under both the Cournot and Stackelberg models.
(v) Evaluate which of the three market structures-monopoly, Cournot duopoly, or Stackelberg duopoly would be preferred by consumers, and explain your reasoning.
(b) "Monopolistic competition leads to excess capacity." Discuss with the help of a diagram.
Assignment 2
Answer the following Middle Category questions in about 250 words each. Each question carries 10 marks.
3. (a) Write the general form of a Cobb-Douglas production function. How do you derive the profit function from it?
(b) Determine the profit function, the supply function, and the (unconditional) input demand functions for a perfectly competitive firm with a production function
4. (a) What is the Rawlsian (minimax) social welfare function? How does it differ in philosophy and outcome from utilitarian welfare functions?
(b) What is a Transformation Curve? How does it represent trade-offs in the allocation of resources between the production of two goods?
5. (a) State the Coase Theorem. How can private bargaining be a solution to externalities? Under what conditions will it work effectively?
(b) A firm produces 100 units of output. The marginal private cost (MPC) is constant at ₹20. The production generates a marginal external cost (MEC) of ₹10 per unit. The marginal benefit (MB) to consumers is ₹30 per unit.
i) What is the socially optimal level of output?
ii) Calculate the Pigovian tax that would internalize the externality.
Assignment 3
Answer the following Short Category questions in about 100 words each. Each question carries 6 marks.
6. What are the key properties of the profit function? Explain the concept of convexity in this context.
7. Under what circumstances can a firm in perfect competition continue producing even when it is making losses in the short run?
8. What is non-price competition?
9. Discuss any one real-world application of game theory in economics or business.
10. Why do firms in monopolistic competition earn only normal profits in the long run?
BECC 115 2025 2026 - Hindi
बी.ई.सी.सी.-115 :
मध्यवर्ती व्यष्टि अर्थशास्त्र
शिक्षक मूल्यांकित सत्रीय कार्य (टी.एम.ए.)
पाठ्यक्रम कोडः बी.ई.सी.सी.-115 सत्रीय कार्य कोड : एएसएसटी. (टी.एम.ए.) / 2025-26 पूर्णांक : 100
निम्नलिखित वर्णनात्मक श्रेणी के सभी प्रश्नों का उत्तर दीजिये। प्रत्येक प्रश्न का उत्तर लगभग 500 शब्दों में देना है। गणितीय प्रश्नों के संबंध में शब्द सीमा लागू नहीं होगी। प्रत्येक प्रश्न 20 अंक का है।
1. क) उपभोक्ता संतुलन की लेग्रान्जियन संरचना में आय की सीमांत उपयोगिता क्या भूमिका अदा करती है?
ख) नीचे दिये उपभोक्ता के उपयोगित फलन पर विचार करें:
वस्तु X1 तथा x2 की कीमत क्रमशः P₁ तथा P2 तथा उपभोक्ता की आय M मानते हुए x1 तथा x2 उपभोग की वस्तुओं के अनुकूलतम चयन का निर्धारण करें।
2. क) एक ऐसे कारों वाले बाज़ार पर विचार करें जहाँ एकाधिकारी फर्म के रूप में प्रारंभ में एक ही फर्म है। फर्म का रेखीय लागत फलन C (q) = 2q है तथा उसका बाज़ार माँग व्युत्क्रम (inverse) प्रकार का है-
P(Q) = 9 - Q, जहाँ बाज़ार में कुल विक्रित मात्रा को बताता है।
उपरोक्त सूचना के आधार पर निम्न प्रश्नों का उत्तर देंः
i. एकाधिकारी फर्म द्वारा ग्राहकों से वसूल की गई कीमत एवं बिक्रित कारों की संख्या
ii. अब मान लिया कि समान लागत वाली दूसरी फर्म बाज़ार में प्रवेश करती है जिससे कूर्नो मॉडल के तहत द्वयाधिकार का निर्माण होता है। प्रत्येक फर्म के लिए कूर्नो संतुलन उत्पादन की मात्रा का निर्धारण करें।
iii. स्टैकबर्ज द्वयाधिकार परिदृश्य का विश्लेषण करें जहाँ कि प्रथम फर्म नेता के रूप में कार्य करती है। प्रत्येक फर्म के लिए स्टैकबर्ज संतुलन उत्पादन का निर्धारण करें।
iv. कूर्नो तथा स्टैकबर्ज मॉडलस के तहत प्रत्येक फर्म द्वारा अर्जित लाभ का आकलन कर उसकी तुलना करें।
v. इस बात का मूल्यांकन करें कि उपभोक्ता एकाधिकार, कूर्नो द्वयाधिकार, अथवा स्टैकलबर्ज द्वयाधिकार में कौन सी बाज़ार संरचना को पसंद करेगा और क्यों?
ख) 'एकाधिकारात्मक प्रतियोगिता अतिरेक क्षमता को जन्म देती है'- रेखा चित्र की सहायता से व्याख्या करें।
सत्रीय कार्य-2
निम्नलिखित मध्यम श्रेणी प्रश्नों का उत्तर दीजिये। प्रत्येक प्रश्न का उत्तर लगभग 250 शब्दों में देना है। प्रत्येक प्रश्न 10 अंक का है।
3. क) कौब डगलस उपयोगिता फलन के सामान्य रूप को व्यक्त करें। इस उत्पादन फलन से लाभ फलन कैसे व्युत्पन्न करते हैं?
ख) निम्नलिखित उत्पादन फलन वाली किसी प्रतियोगी फर्म से संबंधित लाभ फलन, आपूर्ति फलन तथा आदा माँग फलन का निर्धारण करें :
4. क) रावलियन सामाजिक कल्याण फलन क्या है? यह फलन दर्शन (philosophy) तथा परिणाम में उपयोगिता परक फलन से किस प्रकार भिन्न है?
ख) स्थानांतरण वक्र क्या है? यह वक्र दो वस्तुओं के उत्पादन के बीच साधनों के आवंटन के बीच अदला-बदली (trade off) को कैसे प्रदर्शित करता है?
5) क) कोस (coase) सिद्धांत को बतायें। किस प्रकार वैयक्तिक सौदागीरी बाह्यताओं का समाधान प्रस्तुत कर सकती है?
ख) एक फर्म 100 इकाई का उत्पादन करती है। 20 रूपयें पर इसकी सीमांत लागत स्थिर है। वस्तु का उत्पादन प्रति इकाई सीमांत बाह्य लागत 10 रूपये उत्पन्न करता है। उपभेक्ता को प्राप्त होने वाली सीमांत लाभ 30 रूपये प्रति इकाई है। इस फर्म के लिए
I. उत्पादन का सामाजिक अनुकूलतम स्तर क्या होगा?
II. पीगूवियन कर का आकलन करें जो बाह्यताओं का आंतरीकरण किया जा सके।
सत्रीय कार्य-3
निम्नलिखित लघु उत्तरीय प्रश्नों के उत्तर दें। प्रत्येक प्रश्न का उत्तर लगभग 100 शब्दों में देना है। प्रत्येक प्रश्न 6 अंक का है।
6. लाभ फलन की प्रमुख विशेषताएं क्या हैं? इस संबंध में उदुब्जुता (convexity) का अवधारणा की व्याख्या करें।
7. अल्पकाल में एक पूर्ण प्रतिस्पर्धी फर्म किन परिस्थितियों में घाटा होने पर भी उत्पादन करना जारी रखेगी?
8. गैर कीमत प्रतियोगिता क्या होती है?
9. अर्थशास्त्र अथवा व्यवसाय में क्रीड़ा सिद्धांत का प्रयोग करते हुए एक केस स्टडी लिखें।
10. दीर्घकाल में एकाधिकारात्मक फर्म क्यों सामान्य लाभ ही अर्जित करती हैं?
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