IGNOU BAFFSM BECM 161 SOLVED ASSIGNMENT
BECM 161: PRINCIPLES OF MICROECONOMICS
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| Title Name | IGNOU BAFFSM BECM 161 SOLVED ASSIGNMENT |
|---|---|
| Type | Soft Copy (E-Assignment) .pdf |
| University | IGNOU |
| Degree | BACHELOR DEGREE PROGRAMMES |
| Course Code | BAFFSM |
| Course Name | Bachelor of Arts (Facility and Services Management) |
| Subject Code | BECM 161 |
| Subject Name | PRINCIPLES OF MICROECONOMICS |
| Year | 2025 2026 |
| Session | - |
| Language | English Medium |
| Assignment Code | BECM 161/Assignment-1/2025 2026 |
| Product Description | Assignment of BAFFSM (Bachelor of Arts (Facility and Services Management)) 2025 2026. Latest BECM 161 2025-26 Solved Assignment Solutions |
| Last Date of IGNOU Assignment Submission | Last Date of Submission of IGNOU BEGC-131 (BAG) 2025-26 Assignment is for January 2026 Session: 30th September, 2026 (for December 2025 Term End Exam). Semester Wise January 2025 Session: 30th March, 2026 (for June 2026 Term End Exam). July 2025 Session: 30th September, 2025 (for December 2025 Term End Exam). |
| Format | Ready-to-Print PDF (.soft copy) |
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BECM 161 2025 2026 - English
ВЕСМ-161: PRINCIPLES OF MICROECONOMICS
Tutor Marked Assignments
Course Code: BECM-161
Assignment Code: BECM-161/2025-26
Total Marks: 100
Section A
Answer the following Descriptive Category questions in about 500 words each. Each question carries 20 marks
1.(a) Explain with illustration the three stages of production. Why should a rational producer under competitive condition should produce in stage II?
(b) What is production possibility curve (PPC)? How does a PPC provide an economy's menu of choices?
2. (a) What is indifference curve? Explain its properties.
(b) A consumer has utility function for goods X and Y as under :
U(X,Y)=X0.2 Y0.7
I. What will be the consumer's marginal utility for X.
II. What will be the consumer's marginal utility for Y.
Section B
Answer the following Middle Category questions in about 250 words each. Each question carries 10 marks.
3. (a) How does want and utility are interconnected to each other? How is the cardinal approach different from ordinal approach to consumer behavior?
(b) On what grounds, the law of diminishing marginal utility is criticized by the modern economists?
4. What are implicit costs? How are these implicit costs estimated? Do you think that these costs be included as part of costs of production? Give reasons for your answer.
5. (a) Distinguish between public monopoly and private monopolist. How does public monopoly firm makes its price and output decisions? Illustrate.
(b) What do you understand by the term 'market failure'? Explain the various sources of market failure. Which policy instruments can be resorted to regulate the inefficient market situations?
Section C
Answer the following Short Category questions in about 100 words each. Each question carries 6 marks.
6. Explain how does 'scarcity' lie at the root of all economic activities?
7. Explain with diagrams the approaches that are used to decompose the price effect into substation effect and income effect.
8. Discuss the relationship between marginal and average product curves.
9. Distinguish between any two of the followings:
(i) Marginal physical product and marginal revenue product.
(ii) Adverse selection and moral hazards.
(iii) Normal profit and abnormal profit.
10. Given the following supply and demand functions of a commodity X, determine its equilibrium price and quantity.
?? = 8000 − 1000?x
?? = −4000 + 2000?x
BECM 161 2025 2026 - Hindi
BECM 161 व्यष्टि अर्थशास्त्र के सिद्धांत
शिक्षक मूल्यांकित सत्रीय कार्य
पाठ्यक्रम कोड: बी.ई.सी.एम.161
सत्रीय कार्य कोड: ए.एस.टी. (टी.एम.ए.) / 2025-26
पूर्णांक: 100
निम्नलिखित वर्णनात्मक श्रेणी के प्रत्येक प्रश्न का उत्तर लगभग 500 शब्दों में लिखें। प्रत्येक प्रश्न के उत्तर का मान 20 अंक है।
1. क) रेखाचित्र देते हुए उत्पादन की तीन अवस्थायें बतायें। एक युक्त (rationa) उत्पादक को प्रतियोगी दशाओं के अंतर्गत द्वितीय अवस्था के अंतर्गत उत्पादन क्यों करना चाहियें?
(ख) उत्पादन संभावना वक्र (PCC) क्या है?PPC वक्र किस प्रकार अर्थव्यवस्था के चयन की वस्तुओं को प्रदान करता है?
2. (क) तटस्थता वक्र क्या होते है? इनकी विशेषताएं बतायें।
(ख) दो वस्तुओं X तथा Y के लिए एक उपभोक्ता का उपयोगिता फलन इस प्रकार दिया है:
U(X,Y) = X0.2Y0.7
(i) X के लिए उपभोक्ता की सीमांत उपयोगिता क्या होगी?
(ii) Y के लिए उपभोक्ता की सीमांत उपयोगिता क्या होगी?
खंड ख
निम्नलिखित मध्यम श्रेणी के प्रत्येक प्रश्न का उत्तर 250 शब्दों में लिखें। प्रत्येक प्रश्न 10 अंक का है।
3. क) आवश्यकता एवं उपयोगिता एक दूसरे से किस प्रकार अंर्तसंबंधित हैं? उपभोक्ता व्यवहार के संबंध में गणनावाचक एवं क्रमवाचक दृष्टिकोण में अंतर बतायें।
ख) आधुनिक अर्थशास्त्रियों द्वारा किस आधार पर हासमान सीमांत उपयोगिता नियम की आलोचना की जाती है?
4. अंर्तनिहित लागतें क्या है? इन अंर्तनिहित लागतों का आकलन किस प्रकार किया जा सकता है? क्या आप ऐसा मानते है कि इन लागतों को उत्पादन की लागतों में सम्मिलित किया जाना चाहिए। अपने उत्तर के समर्थन में कारण दें।
5. (क) सावर्जनिक एकाधिकार तथा निजी एकाधिकारी फर्म में अंतर बतायें? रेखाचित्र की सहायता से व्याख्या करें कि एक सार्वजनिक एकाधिकारी फर्म अपने कीमत एवं उत्पादन की मात्रा का निर्धारण किस प्रकार करती है?
ख) बाज़ार की विफलता से आप क्या समझते हो? बाज़ार की विफलता के विभिन्न स्रोतों को बतायें। अदक्ष बाज़ार की स्थितियों में सुधार लाने हेतु कौन-कौन से नीतिगत संयंत्रों का प्रयोग किया जा सकता है?
खंड ग
प्रत्येक लघु उत्तर के प्रश्नों के उत्तर 100 शब्दों में लिखें। प्रत्येक प्रश्न के लिए 6 अंक हैं।
6. व्याख्या करें किस प्रकार दुर्लभता (scarcity) सभी आर्थिक क्रियाओं का मूल कारण होती है?
7. रेखाचित्र की सहायता से कीमत प्रभाव को आय प्रभाव एवं स्थानपित्त प्रभाव के रूप में विलगन करने की प्रक्रिया की व्याख्या करें।
8. सीमांत आगम वक्र तथा औसत आगम वक्र की बीच अंर्तसंबंध की चर्चा करें।
9. निम्नलिखित में से किन्हीं तीन के बीच अंतर बतायें।
i. सीमांत भौतिक उत्पाद तथा सीमांत आगम उत्पाद
ii. प्रतिकूल चयन तथा नैतिक खतरे
iii. सामान्य लाभ तथा असामान्य लाभ
10. निम्नलिखित प्रदत्त माँग फलन एवं पूर्ति फलन की सहायता से X वस्तु की संतुलित कीमत एवं मात्रा का निर्धारण करें।
Qd=8000- 1000Px
Qs=-4000+2000Px
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| Course Name | Bachelor of Arts (Facility and Services Management) |
| Course Code | BAFFSM |
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| Language | English |
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