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The Charity Organization Society (COS) played a significant role in the origin and development of modern social work. It emerged in London in 1869 during the period of rapid industrialization and urbanization when poverty, unemployment, poor housing, and disease became major social problems. The society was established to organize charitable activities, prevent duplication of relief, and ensure that assistance reached the deserving poor in a systematic manner. The ideas and practices introduced by the COS laid the foundation for professional social work and greatly influenced social welfare policies in many countries. One of the major contributions of the Charity Organization Society was the introduction of a scientific approach to helping people. Before the establishment of COS, charity was often provided without proper investigation or planning. The society believed that effective assistance required a careful study of the individual's circumstances. Volunteers visited families, collected detailed information about their economic, social, and personal conditions, and prepared reports before deciding the type of help required. This practice became the basis _______ ___ ________ ________ __________.
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