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Logic gates are the fundamental building blocks of digital electronics and computational logic. These gates perform basic logical functions that are essential for digital circuits. Each logic gate operates on one or more binary inputs and produces a single binary output. The input and output signals are in the form of binary values, i.e., 0s and 1s, representing the Boolean values FALSE and TRUE, respectively. Logic gates are used to create complex digital systems, such as computer processors, memory units, and other devices that operate on digital signals. In logic, understanding gates is essential as they reflect the implementation of logical connectives in physical systems. The three basic types of logic gates are AND, OR, and NOT. These basic gates can be combined to form other complex gates such as NAND, NOR, XOR, and XNOR. Each gate has a unique graphical symbol and can be represented using a truth table that defines its behavior for all possible input combinations. AND Gate The AND gate is a basic digital logic gate that implements logical conjunction. It outputs a true (1) signal only when all of its inputs are true. Graphical Symbol: ``` A -----| |----| & |----- Output (A AND B) B -----| | ``` Truth Table: | A | B | Output (A AND B) | | - | - | ---------------- | | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 0 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 0 | 0 | | 1 | 1 | 1 | The AND __________ _______ ______ ___ ___ ______ _________ ___ __________.
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