Why 'new' social movements are called 'new'? Write it's features in brief.

The term "new" social movements (NSMs) in the context of India refers to a distinct shift in the way social movements have emerged and organized since the 1970s, in contrast to the earlier, traditional forms of protest that were primarily class-based, focusing on issues such as labor rights, land distribution, or industrial workers' rights. The term "new" signifies a break from the older forms of social mobilization and their objectives, methods, and ideologies.

Several factors contribute to the "newness" of these movements, reflecting changes in society, politics, and the economy. At the core, the new social movements are often linked to post-industrial, post-colonial, and post-modern societies, where issues transcend class struggle and focus more on identity, cultural recognition, environmental concerns, and political rights. These movements arise in response to the limitations of traditional leftist ideologies, especially Marxism, and focus on a broad range of issues related to human rights, environmental justice, and identity-based politics. The rise of these movements reflects the changing nature of societal concerns in a modern, globalized world.

### Key Features of New Social Movements

1. Non-Class Based Mobilization:  
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