What kind of hormones bind to cell surface receptors? Explain the mechanism of action of one such hormone in a target cell with the help of a diagram.

Protein and peptide hormones, catecholamines like epinephrine, and eicosanoids such as prostaglandins find their receptors decorating the plasma membrane of target cells.

Binding of hormone to receptor initiates a series of events which leads to generation of so-called second messengers within the cell (the hormone is the first messenger). The second messengers then trigger a series of molecular interactions that alter the physiologic state of the cell. Another term used to describe this entire process is signal transduction.

Structure of Cell Surface Receptors

Cell surface receptors are integral membrane proteins and, as such, have regions that contribute to three basic domains:

Extracellular domains: Some of the residues exposed to the outside of the cell interact with and bind the hormone - another term for these regions is the ligand-binding domain.

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