What is meant by Computer Virus and Perverse Software? What are the characteristics of a Computer virus?

A computer virus is a type of malicious software or program that, when executed, replicates itself by inserting copies of itself into other computer programs or files. The name “virus” is derived from its biological counterpart, as a virus in computing behaves similarly to a biological virus that infects living organisms by spreading and replicating. Computer viruses can cause a variety of issues on a system, ranging from minor problems like slowing down the computer to catastrophic effects such as the loss of data, system crashes, or unauthorized access to sensitive information. These viruses often spread when infected files are transferred between computers, commonly through email attachments, USB drives, or malicious websites.

On the other hand, perverse software is not a term commonly recognized in mainstream computing terminology, though it may sometimes refer to software that operates contrary to the user's or system’s expectations, much like malicious software or programs designed to exploit the weaknesses in systems. In general, any software that disrupts the intended functionality, causes harm, or manipulates data in unintended ways could be referred to as perverse software. The term, however, is less established and does not have the same level of recognition or specificity as more well-known malicious software like computer viruses, worms, or Trojans.

### Characteristics of a Computer Virus

Computer viruses have several key characteristics that define them and distinguish them from other types of software. These characteristics include:

1. Self-replication: 
   The most fundamental characteristic of a computer virus is its ability to replicate itself. Once the virus is executed, it seeks out files and programs on the computer and inserts a copy of itself into them. This replication can happen without the user’s knowledge or consent, and the virus continues to propagate every time the infected files are opened or transferred to other computers.

2. Infection: 
   A virus can infect a variety of files, including executable files (.exe), documents, or even system files. Some viruses are designed to infect specific ________ _____ __________ ____ _________ _____.
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