What is language game? Explain the shift from picture theory to language game theory.

The concept of a "language game" originates from the later philosophy of Ludwig Wittgenstein, specifically in his work *Philosophical Investigations*. It represents a fundamental shift in how language is understood in philosophical terms. In contrast to the earlier views that saw language as a means to represent or mirror reality (as seen in Wittgenstein’s earlier *Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus*), the concept of a language game moves away from the idea that language's primary function is to describe the world. Instead, it presents language as a diverse set of activities embedded in social practices. In this view, the meaning of a word or phrase is not determined by its ability to correspond to a particular state of affairs or fact but by its use within specific social contexts or “games.”

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