What is germplasm? Explain the two approaches followed for the germplasm conservation.

Germplasm refers to the genetic material that constitutes the genetic diversity of a species, including seeds, cuttings, or any other biological material that contains the genetic information of a plant. Germplasm is a valuable resource for plant breeding, as it provides the genetic variation necessary for the development of new plant varieties with improved traits such as increased yield, disease resistance, and better adaptation to environmental conditions.

There are two approaches followed for germplasm conservation: in situ and ex situ conservation.

In situ conservation refers to the preservation of plant genetic resources in their natural habitats. This approach involves the protection and management of wild populations of plants in their native ecosystems, such as protected areas, botanical gardens, or ___ __________ _________ ___ __________ _________ ___.
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