What is compulsory licensing ? Discuss the grounds on which the grant of compulsory licenses is allowed under TRIPs Agreement.

Compulsory licensing is a mechanism within the realm of intellectual property rights, particularly patents, that allows a government to grant permission to a third party to produce, use, or sell a patented product or process without the consent of the patent holder. This provision is a balancing act between promoting innovation and ensuring broader access to essential technologies, especially in cases where the patent holder's exclusive rights may hinder the wider availability of a particular product or service.

Under the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), which is administered by the World Trade Organization (WTO), there are specific grounds on which member countries can grant compulsory licenses. TRIPS, established in 1994, sets out minimum standards for the protection of intellectual property rights, including patents, on a global scale.

1. Anticompetitive Practices:
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