What is Benefit sharing? Explain the provisions for Benefit Sharing by NBA in Biodiversity Act of India.
Benefit sharing is a principle that refers to the equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of biological resources and associated traditional knowledge. It is particularly relevant in the context of biodiversity, where the exploitation of genetic resources, plants, animals, and microbial organisms can lead to significant profits, but the local communities or indigenous people, who have traditionally preserved and maintained these resources, often receive no recognition or compensation for their contributions. Benefit sharing aims to ensure that these communities are compensated fairly and that their rights and interests are protected in the process.
In the case of India, benefit sharing is governed under the Biodiversity Act of 2002 (Biological Diversity Act, 2002), which was enacted to implement the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) ratified by India in 1992. The Convention mandates the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from the use of biological resources, ensuring that countries that harbor biodiversity are compensated when their resources are used by others. The Biological Diversity Act establishes a legal framework for regulating access to biological resources and associated traditional knowledge, ensuring benefit sharing with local communities, tribal groups, and other stakeholders who have historically conserved biodiversity.
The National Biodiversity Authority (NBA) is the key institution responsible for overseeing the implementation of the Biodiversity Act and ensuring the effective application of the principle of benefit sharing.
Provisions for Benefit Sharing by NBA in the Biodiversity Act of India
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