What do you understand by the term 'Nehruvian Consensus'? Explain.

The term 'Nehruvian Consensus' refers to the political and economic framework that emerged in India after independence in 1947, largely shaped by the vision and policies of Jawaharlal Nehru, India's first Prime Minister. It encompasses a set of ideological principles that dominated the country's political, economic, and social landscape for several decades, and can be understood through the lens of Nehru's emphasis on democratic socialism, secularism, non-alignment, and state-led economic planning.

Nehruvian Consensus can be viewed as a product of both India’s historical context and Nehru’s intellectual and political influences. Post-independence India faced the challenge of nation-building after centuries of colonial rule, and Nehru's vision was aimed at forging a unified, democratic, and modern nation-state. His policies, influenced by a combination of socialist ideals, a commitment to democracy, and an understanding of the global context of the time, reflected his belief in a strong, interventionist state to guide economic growth, reduce inequalities, and ensure national sovereignty in a post-colonial world.

### Core Principles of Nehruvian Consensus

#### 1. Democratic Socialism
Nehru believed that India's social and economic development should be guided by the principles of democratic socialism. He envisioned a society that balanced economic growth with social justice. This approach entailed a significant role for the government in planning and managing the economy, aimed at reducing poverty, unemployment, and social inequality. The state was expected to intervene actively in sectors such as education, healthcare, and infrastructure development, while also promoting welfare programs for marginalized sections of society.

In practice, this meant the establishment of large public-sector enterprises, particularly in industries such as steel, power, transportation, and telecommunications. Nehru's government emphasized a mixed economy, where both the state and private sector would contribute to the development of the country, although the public sector would play a __________ ___ _________ ____ ___ ___ _____ ____ _____ ___ _________.
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