What do you understand by textual and non-textual orality in Indian folk tradition?
In Indian folk tradition, there is a distinction between textual and non-textual orality. Textual orality refers to those forms of oral literature that are composed and transmitted through written texts, such as epics, ballads, and religious texts. Non-textual orality, on the other hand, refers to those forms of oral literature that are composed and transmitted through oral performance, such as songs, stories, proverbs, and rituals.
Textual Orality in Indian Folk Tradition:
Textual orality in Indian folk tradition is often associated with written texts that have been composed and transmitted over time. These texts may have been written down by scribes or scholars, or they may have been transmitted orally and then later written down. Some examples of textual orality in Indian folk tradition include the epics, such as the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, which were composed in Sanskrit and then later written down in various regional languages. Other examples of textual orality include religious texts, such as the Bhagavad Gita and the Puranas, which were composed in Sanskrit and then later translated into regional languages.
Textual orality is often associated with a particular form of language and literary style. In Indian folk tradition, textual orality is often characterized by a formal, elevated style, and the use of complex poetic devices such as meter, rhyme, and alliteration. Textual orality is also often associated with a particular social class, such as Brahmins or other learned elites, who are seen as the custodians of these texts.
Non-Textual Orality in Indian Folk Tradition:
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