What do you understand by Smart Grid? Explain. Also compare existing grid with future grid.

A Smart Grid refers to an advanced electrical grid that uses digital communication and control technologies to enhance the management, distribution, and consumption of electricity. Unlike the traditional electrical grid, which is largely a one-way system where power flows from utilities to consumers, a Smart Grid is designed to be more dynamic, efficient, and responsive. It integrates information and communication technologies (ICT) into the grid infrastructure, enabling real-time monitoring, two-way communication, and data-driven decision-making.

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