What are the applications of chromatography technique in environmental monitoring?

 Chromatography plays an important role in monitoring pollutants in the environment for identification and quantification. Capillary column gas chromatography greatly increased separation efficiency compared to the traditional packed columns. This led to widespread use and acceptance for oil analysis and other contaminants in the environment. Gas chromatography is often used for the analysis of environmental pollutants.

Gas chromatography for environmental monitoring

Gas chromatography requires a very little sample. The methodology involves the sample being injected onto the end of a chromatography column containing a carrier gas, often helium or hydrogen. The column is situated in an oven and at room temperature, the volatile compounds boil at low temperatures and thus evaporate down the column.

Once the oven is heated, the other components of the sample mixture that boil at higher temperature evaporate and are then transported down the column by the flowing gas. The components in the mixture are separated according to their differing boiling points.

Additionally, gas chromatography instruments are often coupled with a high-sensitivity flame ionization detector (FID), which is especially suited to the analysis of hydrocarbons. Standard method development using GC-FID has been achieved for BTEX, (benzene toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene) compounds and analysis for water ____ _____ ____ ___ ________ ____ _______ ___ __________ _____ __________ __________.
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