What are observables? Give the operators and operation for the following observables: 

(i) Position (x)

(ii) Momentum (P)

(iii) Potential Energy U(x)

(iv) Total Energy (E)

Observables in quantum mechanics are physical properties or quantities that can be measured. In the context of atomic structure and quantum chemistry, certain observables such as position, momentum, potential energy, and total energy play crucial roles. The mathematical representations of these observables are described by corresponding operators.

(i) Position (x):
   - Operator (x̂): _________ ___ ______ __________ _______ ______ _______ __________.
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