What are Cardiac Glycosides? Give their effect on heart and their therapeutic uses. 

Cardiac glycosides are a class of drugs derived from the foxglove plant (Digitalis spp.) that are used to treat heart failure and certain arrhythmias. The most commonly used cardiac glycoside is digoxin.

Cardiac glycosides exert their therapeutic effect by inhibiting the Na+/K+ ATPase pump, which is responsible for maintaining the concentration gradients of sodium and potassium ions across the cell membrane of cardiac cells. This inhibition results in an increase in intracellular sodium and a decrease in intracellular potassium, leading to an increase in intracellular calcium through a mechanism known as the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger. __________ ________ _____ __________ _____ _______ ____.
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