v) Eutrophication

Eutrophication is a process that occurs in aquatic ecosystems, particularly lakes, where excessive nutrient input leads to an increase in plant growth and biomass. The word eutrophication comes from the Greek word "eutrophos," which means "well-nourished."

Eutrophication is primarily caused by the excessive input of nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, from human activities like agriculture, urbanization, and industrialization. The excess nutrients cause an increase in the growth of phytoplankton and algae, which in turn leads to a proliferation of aquatic plants, such ________ ____ _________ __________ ___ ___ _____ ________ _____.
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