Using the Fick's first law of diffusion, derive the mathematical expression that provides the link between the phenomenological and thermodynamic treatment of diffusion phenomenon.
Fick’s first law of diffusion states that the flux \( J \) of diffusing particles is proportional to the negative gradient of concentration:
\[
J = -D \frac{dC}{dx}
\]
where \( D \) is the diffusion coefficient, \( _______ _____ _____ ______ _______ ________ ________ ___ _______ ______ _______.
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