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Random sampling is a probability sampling method in which every member of a defined population has a known and usually equal chance of being selected for inclusion in a study. It is widely used in public health and epidemiology because it helps researchers obtain a sample that represents the population of interest and reduces the risk of selection bias. In epidemiological studies, researchers often cannot study an entire population because of limitations of time, money, manpower, and other resources. Therefore, an appropriately selected random sample is used to draw conclusions about the larger population. The basic principle of random sampling is that selection should be determined by chance rather than by the personal choice of the investigator. First, the target population is clearly defined. For example, if researchers want to estimate the prevalence of hypertension among adults in __________ ________ ______ ____ __________ ____ __________ _______ _______ __________.
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